Javascript related

http://casual-effects.blogspot.ca/2014/01/an-introduction-to-javascript-for.html

Module

There are several ways of using functions to group state and implement module-like functionality. The simplest is to have modules be objects that contain functions (and constants, and variables...). 

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use strict;   var module = (function() {   // This cannot be seen outside of the module, so it will not create namespace   function aPrivateFunction(z) { return Math.sqrt(z); }     // Freezing and sealing are two ways to prevent accidental mutation of the   // module after creation.   return Object.freeze({      // These are accessible as module.anExportedFunction after the definition      anExportedFunction: function(x, y) { return x + aPrivateFunction(y); },      anotherExportedFunction: function(x) { return 2 * x; }   }); })();

Another variation mutates the global namespace object: 

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use strict;   // Use function to create a local scope and persistent environment (function() {   function aPrivateFunction(z) { return Math.sqrt(z); }     // Mutate the global environment   this.anExportedFunction = function(x, y) { return x + aPrivateFunction(y); };   this.anotherExportedFunction = function(x) { return 2 * x; }; })();